福 is built from the 礻 (altar / spirit (left)) and 畐 (full jar (in 福·副)) components.
It belongs to a phonetic family with 副 and 幅 — they share the 畐 component and the reading フク.
A common word using 福 is 幸福 (こうふく), meaning “happiness, blessedness”.
Don't confuse it with 副, 幅, and 富.